Bottom Plate - This is the horizontal member between floor and foundation that the studs sit on. The bottom plate sets on the subfloor or attached to the foundation and nailed to the bottom of the wall studs.
Flashing - It is the component that keeps water from entering joints between dissimilar building materials or other locations subject to water penetration. Flashing comes in many different shapes and sizes and is made of a number of different materials. Aluminum, galvanized metal, plastic, rubberized asphalt, butyl rubber and other specialty components are supposed to be installed in a manner that will prevent water from entering the structure.
Mulled Window - A mullion is a vertical or horizontal connecting unit between two or more windows. Mulled window units are a popular way to allow light into homes; less visual obstructions with mulled units means wider views and less framework. Mulled units can be used for both new construction and replacement applications.
Rafter - A rafter is one of a series of sloped structural members (beams), that extend from the ridge or hip to the downslope perimeter or eave, designed to support the roof deck and its associated loads.
Ridge Vent - Is a type of vent installed at the peak of a sloped roof which allows warm, humid air to escape a building's attic. Ridge vents are most common on shingled residential buildings.
Soffit Vents - Soffit vents are located on the soffits, which are the horizontal surface between the top of the wall and the edge of the roofline along the bottom line of the roof.
These vents allow air to flow into your attic to provide ventilation which may then flow out the ridge vent or gable vents.
Strapping - Applying material across the length of structural material. Strapping a joist is nailing a 1x4 at the bottom of the joist in the middle of its span tying the joists together and preventing them from twisting over and collapsing with a load. Strapping a truss is nailing a 1x4 at the top of the bottom chord or across its webs to keep the truss plumb, the spacing accurate and the trusses tied together as a unit. Strapping a joist or truss should be continuous with its ends fastened to a sill or header.
Vapor Barrier - (a.k.a. Ice Water & Shield) Vapor barriers, clear polyethylene sheet, are 
designed to preventing any intrusion of water either as liquid or water vapor through concrete floor slabs or walls in buildings.
